Research corpus ConsensusBLC-STUDY-1292

Particle gas costs for EVM opcodes

A desk note on EIP 2045 (Particle gas costs for EVM opcodes). The file's status is Stagnant. The note records the text. It does not measure who runs it.

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Record

Authors: Casey Detrio, Alex Beregszaszi
Date: 2019
Publisher: Casey Detrio, Alex Beregszaszi
Version: Source cited by the 2019 study. The study is the reading. This page does not add a second essay.
Document ID: BLC-STUDY-1292
DOI: None recorded
Last reviewed: 1 October 2026
Licence: No licence recorded. Rights status under review.

No hash is published. This build does not store those PDF bytes, so a checksum would be invented. Where a legacy path exists, it points at the Internet Archive copy of the old library.

Direct answer

A desk note on EIP 2045 (Particle gas costs for EVM opcodes). The file's status is Stagnant. The note records the text. It does not measure who runs it.

Where to read

Official source — EIP 2045
Blockchain Lab study, the canonical readingOriginal commentary. Not a transcription of the paper.

Metadata and commentary only. The reading is the study page.

Full text

Full text is not published on this page. Public availability is not a licence to republish a document. Blockchain Lab has not recorded a licence that permits an HTML transcription, a training set, or a retrieval corpus of the paper. Text on this page is Blockchain Lab's own wording, or a pointer to a study that is also Blockchain Lab's wording.

What changed

Status on the file: Stagnant. A reading of the public text, not a client release note.

Relationships

Canonical readingEIP 2045 study
Related paperPBFT
Related paperTendermint
Related paperHotStuff

Cite this record

These citations point at the source document. They are not a licence to copy it.

Author–date

Detrio, C., & Beregszaszi, A. (2019). Particle gas costs for EVM opcodes. Casey Detrio, Alex Beregszaszi. https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-2045.md

BibTeX

@techreport{eip20452019,
  title = {Particle gas costs for EVM opcodes},
  author = {Casey Detrio, Alex Beregszaszi},
  year = {2019},
  institution = {Casey Detrio, Alex Beregszaszi},
  url = {https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-2045.md},
  note = {Rights status: Official external source only. Blockchain Lab record: https://blockchainlab.com/research/corpus/papers/eip-2045}
}

RIS

TY  - RPRT
TI  - Particle gas costs for EVM opcodes
AU  - Casey Detrio
AU  - Alex Beregszaszi
PY  - 2019
PB  - Casey Detrio, Alex Beregszaszi
UR  - https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-2045.md
N1  - Rights status: Official external source only
ER  -

CSL-JSON

[
  {
    "type": "report",
    "id": "BLC-STUDY-1292",
    "title": "Particle gas costs for EVM opcodes",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Casey Detrio"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Alex Beregszaszi"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2019
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "Casey Detrio, Alex Beregszaszi",
    "URL": "https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-2045.md",
    "note": "Rights status: Official external source only. Not a licence to republish the paper."
  }
]

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Rights record

Source status: Official source
Use status: Metadata and commentary only. The reading is the study page.
Rights: Official external source only
Training and retrieval: Not permitted from this site. There is no rights-cleared full text to retrieve or to train on.

Rights and licensing Corrections