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Four documents, the same five questions.

No throughput league table and no yield. The cells are what this library is willing to say about the text.

QuestionArbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts
What the text proposesThe 2018 USENIX paper on Arbitrum: a verifier that checks a manager's execution of a virtual machine by bisecting disputes, instead of re-executing every instruction. Offchain Labs' later Nitro stack is a descendant, not this paper line for line.
Who may writeHarry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, Edward W. Felten
What is settledManagers stake on a claimed execution. Verifiers can challenge.
Load-bearing assumptionDo not cite this PDF as a description of Arbitrum One's current Nitro release.
What this library says afterwardsAn optimistic system with no watcher is an honour system. The paper is explicit that verifiers matter.
RightsOfficial external source only