Signed Data Standard

ERC 191, Signed Data Standard. We propose the following format for signed_data 0x19 .

Official external source only
Design paper
Official source

Record

Authors: Martin Holst Swende , Nick Johnson
Date: 2016
Publisher: Martin Holst Swende , Nick Johnson
Version: Source cited by the 2016 study. The study is the reading. This page does not add a second essay.
Document ID: BLC-STUDY-0385
DOI: None recorded
Last reviewed: 1 October 2026
Licence: No licence recorded. Rights status under review.

No hash is published. This build does not store those PDF bytes, so a checksum would be invented. Where a legacy path exists, it points at the Internet Archive copy of the old library.

Direct answer

ERC 191, Signed Data Standard. We propose the following format for signed_data 0x19 .

Where to read

Official source — ERC 191
Blockchain Lab study, the canonical readingOriginal commentary. Not a transcription of the paper.

Metadata and commentary only. The reading is the study page.

Full text

Full text is not published on this page. Public availability is not a licence to republish a document. Blockchain Lab has not recorded a licence that permits an HTML transcription, a training set, or a retrieval corpus of the paper. Text on this page is Blockchain Lab's own wording, or a pointer to a study that is also Blockchain Lab's wording.

What changed

Status in the source: Final. A reading of the public specification, not a copy of it and not a certification.

Relationships

Canonical readingERC 191 study
Related paperGroth16
Related paperBulletproofs
Related paperTaproot

Cite this record

These citations point at the source document. They are not a licence to copy it.

Author–date

Swende, M. H., & Johnson, N. (2016). Signed Data Standard. Martin Holst Swende , Nick Johnson. https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191

BibTeX

@techreport{erc1912016,
  title = {Signed Data Standard},
  author = {Martin Holst Swende , Nick Johnson},
  year = {2016},
  institution = {Martin Holst Swende , Nick Johnson},
  url = {https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191},
  note = {Rights status: Official external source only. Blockchain Lab record: https://blockchainlab.com/research/corpus/papers/erc-191}
}

RIS

TY  - RPRT
TI  - Signed Data Standard
AU  - Martin Holst Swende
AU  - Nick Johnson
PY  - 2016
PB  - Martin Holst Swende , Nick Johnson
UR  - https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191
N1  - Rights status: Official external source only
ER  -

CSL-JSON

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  {
    "type": "report",
    "id": "BLC-STUDY-0385",
    "title": "Signed Data Standard",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Martin Holst Swende"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Nick Johnson"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
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    },
    "publisher": "Martin Holst Swende , Nick Johnson",
    "URL": "https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191",
    "note": "Rights status: Official external source only. Not a licence to republish the paper."
  }
]

JSON BibTeX file RIS file CSL-JSON

Rights record

Source status: Official source
Use status: Metadata and commentary only. The reading is the study page.
Rights: Official external source only
Training and retrieval: Not permitted from this site. There is no rights-cleared full text to retrieve or to train on.

Rights and licensing Corrections