Research corpus Credit and stable valueBLC-STUDY-0140

b-money

Participants broadcast contract offers. Money is created by solving a computational problem, and a collective bookkeeping system tracks balances. A second variant uses a subset of servers.

Official external source only
Design paper
Official source

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Record

Authors: Wei Dai
Date: 1998
Publisher: Wei Dai
Version: Source cited by the 1998 study. The study is the reading. This page does not add a second essay.
Document ID: BLC-STUDY-0140
DOI: None recorded
Last reviewed: 1 October 2026
Licence: No licence recorded. Rights status under review.

No hash is published. This build does not store those PDF bytes, so a checksum would be invented. Where a legacy path exists, it points at the Internet Archive copy of the old library.

Direct answer

Participants broadcast contract offers. Money is created by solving a computational problem, and a collective bookkeeping system tracks balances. A second variant uses a subset of servers.

Where to read

Official source — weidai.com
Blockchain Lab study, the canonical readingOriginal commentary. Not a transcription of the paper.

Metadata and commentary only. The reading is the study page.

Full text

Full text is not published on this page. Public availability is not a licence to republish a document. Blockchain Lab has not recorded a licence that permits an HTML transcription, a training set, or a retrieval corpus of the paper. Text on this page is Blockchain Lab's own wording, or a pointer to a study that is also Blockchain Lab's wording.

What changed

A reading of the public paper. Not a copy, not a benchmark, and not a claim about any later network.

Relationships

Canonical readingb-money study
Related paperHashcash
Related paperBitcoin Backbone

Cite this record

These citations point at the source document. They are not a licence to copy it.

Author–date

Dai, W. (1998). b-money. Wei Dai. http://www.weidai.com/bmoney.txt

BibTeX

@techreport{bmoney1998,
  title = {b-money},
  author = {Wei Dai},
  year = {1998},
  institution = {Wei Dai},
  url = {http://www.weidai.com/bmoney.txt},
  note = {Rights status: Official external source only. Blockchain Lab record: https://blockchainlab.com/research/corpus/papers/b-money}
}

RIS

TY  - RPRT
TI  - b-money
AU  - Wei Dai
PY  - 1998
PB  - Wei Dai
UR  - http://www.weidai.com/bmoney.txt
N1  - Rights status: Official external source only
ER  -

CSL-JSON

[
  {
    "type": "report",
    "id": "BLC-STUDY-0140",
    "title": "b-money",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Wei Dai"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1998
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "Wei Dai",
    "URL": "http://www.weidai.com/bmoney.txt",
    "note": "Rights status: Official external source only. Not a licence to republish the paper."
  }
]

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Rights record

Source status: Official source
Use status: Metadata and commentary only. The reading is the study page.
Rights: Official external source only
Training and retrieval: Not permitted from this site. There is no rights-cleared full text to retrieve or to train on.

Rights and licensing Corrections