Connected assets
The chain checks the signature. It does not check the world.
Attestation is a signed claim a counterparty can challenge. It is not proof that the claim was true.
The limit
A sensor can be moved. A certificate can describe the wrong asset. An oracle can sign a stale price. The useful design names the attestor, keeps the evidence where it can be inspected, and says what the record does not establish. Energy certificates, product passports and battery histories all fail at this point if they skip it.