Skip to content

Archive

The early papers, kept as history.

These documents asked how a payment or a program could be shared without a single editor. They are not a description of the networks that carry those names now.

Suggest an update

Read them as designs

Start with the Bitcoin PDF and the Ethereum paper in the historic library. Then read a current study only where this site has separated the paper from the later client. Do not treat a 2008 or 2014 text as an operating manual.