{"document_id":"BLC-PDF-0002","slug":"ripple-consensus","title":"The Ripple Protocol Consensus Algorithm","authors":"David Schwartz, Noah Youngs, and Arthur Britto","year":2014,"date_label":"2014, as commonly cited for this title. Not re-read from the file bytes in this build.","publisher":"Ripple","paper_type":"Design paper","category":"Consensus","topics":["Consensus","Known validators"],"source_url":"https://ripple.com/files/ripple_consensus_whitepaper.pdf","source_label":"Commonly cited publisher PDF","legacy_pdf_path":"/pdf/ripple_consensus_whitepaper.pdf","sha256":null,"sha256_note":"No hash is published. This build does not store those PDF bytes, so a checksum would be invented. Where a legacy path exists, it points at the Internet Archive copy of the old library.","version":"Historic library file. Not byte-compared with the publisher URL.","doi":null,"rights_status":"Rights uncertain","source_status":"Historic library path, plus a commonly cited publisher URL","use_status":"Legacy path remains. Full text is not republished.","licence":null,"licence_label":"No licence recorded. Rights status under review.","full_text":null,"full_text_reason":"Full text is not published on this page. Public availability is not a licence to republish a document. Blockchain Lab has not recorded a licence that permits an HTML transcription, a training set, or a retrieval corpus of the paper. Text on this page is Blockchain Lab's own wording, or a pointer to a study that is also Blockchain Lab's wording.","editorial_line":"The library holds the Ripple consensus paper: agreement among servers that choose which other servers they listen to, rather than a race to spend hash power.","canonical_url":"https://blockchainlab.com/research/corpus/papers/ripple-consensus","record_url":"https://blockchainlab.com/research/corpus/papers/ripple-consensus","study_url":null,"last_reviewed":"2026-10-01","last_checked":"2026-10-01","relationships":[{"rel":"Concept","label":"Consensus","href":"/learn/concepts/consensus"},{"rel":"Different design","label":"Stellar consensus","href":"/research/corpus/papers/stellar-consensus"}]}