{"document_id":"BLC-STUDY-0313","slug":"eip-2028","title":"Transaction data gas cost reduction","authors":"Alexey Akhunov , Eli Ben Sasson , Tom Brand , Louis Guthmann , Avihu Levy","year":2019,"date_label":"2019","publisher":"Alexey Akhunov , Eli Ben Sasson , Tom Brand , Louis Guthmann , Avihu Levy","paper_type":"Design paper","category":"Scaling","topics":["Scaling"],"source_url":"https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2028","source_label":"EIP 2028","legacy_pdf_path":null,"sha256":null,"sha256_note":"No hash is published. This build does not store those PDF bytes, so a checksum would be invented. Where a legacy path exists, it points at the Internet Archive copy of the old library.","version":"Source cited by the 2019 study. The study is the reading. This page does not add a second essay.","doi":null,"rights_status":"Official external source only","source_status":"Official source","use_status":"Metadata and commentary only. The reading is the study page.","licence":null,"licence_label":"No licence recorded. Rights status under review.","full_text":null,"full_text_reason":"Full text is not published on this page. Public availability is not a licence to republish a document. Blockchain Lab has not recorded a licence that permits an HTML transcription, a training set, or a retrieval corpus of the paper. Text on this page is Blockchain Lab's own wording, or a pointer to a study that is also Blockchain Lab's wording.","editorial_line":"EIP 2028, Transaction data gas cost reduction. We propose to reduce the gas cost of Calldata (GTXDATANONZERO) from its current value of 68 gas per byte to 16 gas per byte, to be backed by mathematical modeling and empirical estimates.","canonical_url":"https://blockchainlab.com/whitepaper/eip-2028","record_url":"https://blockchainlab.com/research/corpus/papers/eip-2028","study_url":"https://blockchainlab.com/whitepaper/eip-2028","last_reviewed":"2026-10-01","last_checked":"2026-10-01","relationships":[{"rel":"Canonical reading","label":"EIP 2028 study","href":"/whitepaper/eip-2028"},{"rel":"Related paper","label":"EIP-4844","href":"/whitepaper/eip-4844"},{"rel":"Related paper","label":"Plasma","href":"/whitepaper/plasma"},{"rel":"Related paper","label":"Arbitrum","href":"/whitepaper/arbitrum"}]}