{"document_id":"BLC-STUDY-1709","slug":"bip-19","title":"M-of-N Standard Transactions (Low SigOp)","authors":"Luke Dashjr","year":2012,"date_label":"2012","publisher":"Luke Dashjr","paper_type":"Design paper","category":"Scaling","topics":["Scaling"],"source_url":"https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0019.mediawiki","source_label":"BIP 19","legacy_pdf_path":null,"sha256":null,"sha256_note":"No hash is published. This build does not store those PDF bytes, so a checksum would be invented. Where a legacy path exists, it points at the Internet Archive copy of the old library.","version":"Source cited by the 2012 study. The study is the reading. This page does not add a second essay.","doi":null,"rights_status":"Licensed for redistribution","source_status":"Official source","use_status":"The upstream file is mirrored at /primary/bip-19.md under BSD-2-Clause. The canonical file remains the source URL. The desk study is separate.","licence":"BSD-2-Clause","licence_label":"BSD-2-Clause","full_text":"https://blockchainlab.com/primary/bip-19.md","full_text_reason":"Mirrored from the upstream file under BSD-2-Clause. Desk wording is not part of that licence and is not a training grant.","repository":"https://github.com/bitcoin/bips","editorial_line":"A desk note on BIP 19 (M-of-N Standard Transactions (Low SigOp)). The file's status is Closed. The note records the text. It does not measure who runs it.","canonical_url":"https://blockchainlab.com/whitepaper/bip-19","record_url":"https://blockchainlab.com/research/corpus/papers/bip-19","study_url":"https://blockchainlab.com/whitepaper/bip-19","last_reviewed":"2026-10-01","last_checked":"2026-10-01","relationships":[{"rel":"Canonical reading","label":"BIP 19 study","href":"/whitepaper/bip-19"},{"rel":"Related paper","label":"Arbitrum","href":"/whitepaper/arbitrum"},{"rel":"Related paper","label":"Plasma","href":"/whitepaper/plasma"},{"rel":"Related paper","label":"EIP-4844","href":"/whitepaper/eip-4844"}]}